{"id":15929,"date":"2026-04-26T12:53:01","date_gmt":"2026-04-26T04:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/top.duoku.icu\/libs\/15929.html"},"modified":"2026-04-26T12:53:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T04:53:01","slug":"%e9%ab%98%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/26\/%e9%ab%98%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8be6\u7ec6\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8be6\u7ec6\u6559\u7a0b\"<\/div>\n

\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8be6\u7ec6\u6559\u7a0b<\/h1>\n

\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n

\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\uff08High Availability, HA\uff09\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u65e8\u5728\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9762\u4e34\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9519\u8bef\u7b49\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecd\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u81f3\u6700\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/strong>\u6765\u8861\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7b49\u7ea7<\/th>\n\u5e74\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
99%\uff08\u4e24\u4e2a 9\uff09<\/td>\n87.6 \u5c0f\u65f6<\/td>\n\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99.9%\uff08\u4e09\u4e2a 9\uff09<\/td>\n8.76 \u5c0f\u65f6<\/td>\n\u5546\u4e1a\u7ea7\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99.99%\uff08\u56db\u4e2a 9\uff09<\/td>\n52.6 \u5206\u949f<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6807\u51c6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99.999%\uff08\u4e94\u4e2a 9\uff09<\/td>\n5.26 \u5206\u949f<\/td>\n\u7535\u4fe1\u7ea7\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\uff1f<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \u4e1a\u52a1\u8fde\u7eed\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u505c\u673a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u3001\u6536\u5165\u635f\u5931<\/li>\n
  • \u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u4efb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9891\u7e41\u6545\u969c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u6d41\u5931<\/li>\n
  • \u54c1\u724c\u58f0\u8a89<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u635f\u5bb3\u54c1\u724c\u5f62\u8c61<\/li>\n
  • \u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u91d1\u878d\u884c\u4e1a\u7b49\u5bf9\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219<\/h2>\n

    1. \u5197\u4f59\uff08Redundancy\uff09<\/h3>\n

    \u5197\u4f59\u662f\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u5907\u4efd\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6765\u6d88\u9664\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5197\u4f59\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff1a\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u90e8\u7f72 + \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236 + \u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\n\u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72 + \u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\n\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u591a\u94fe\u8def + \u591a\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\n\u673a\u623f\uff1a\u540c\u57ce\u53cc\u6d3b + \u5f02\u5730\u707e\u5907\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5197\u4f59\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    • N+1 \u5197\u4f59<\/strong>\uff1aN \u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38 + 1 \u4e2a\u5907\u7528<\/li>\n
    • N+M \u5197\u4f59<\/strong>\uff1aN \u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38 + M \u4e2a\u5907\u7528\uff08M\u22651\uff09<\/li>\n
    • 2N \u5197\u4f59<\/strong>\uff1a\u53cc\u500d\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u53f0\u6545\u969c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      2. \u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\uff08Failover\uff09<\/h3>\n
      \u5f53\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5907\u7528\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u4e3b\u52a8 – \u4e3b\u52a8\uff08Active-Active\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362<\/li>\n
      • \u4e3b\u52a8 – \u5907\u7528\uff08Active-Standby\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5907\u7528\u8282\u70b9\u5f85\u547d<\/li>\n
      • \u81ea\u52a8\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6545\u969c\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\uff08\u79d2\u7ea7\uff09<\/li>\n
      • \u624b\u52a8\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u4ecb\u5165\uff08\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \u5feb\u901f\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a< 1 \u79d2  (\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u7f13\u5b58)\n\u6807\u51c6\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a1-5 \u79d2  (\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1)\n\u6162\u901f\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1a5-60 \u79d2 (\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3b\u4ece\u5207\u6362)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        3. \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff08Load Balancing\uff09<\/h3>\n
        \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5355\u70b9\u8fc7\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5c42\u6b21<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
          \n
        • L4 \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff08\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n
        • Nginx\uff08\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3001HAProxy<\/li>\n
        • L7 \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e URL\u3001Header<\/li>\n
        • Nginx\uff08\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3001F5\u3001SLB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a
          \n```python<\/p>\n
          \u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Round Robin\uff09<\/h1>\n
          \u5747\u5300\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h1>\n
          \u52a0\u6743\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Weighted Round Robin\uff09<\/h1>\n
          \u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u529b\u5206\u914d\u6743\u91cd<\/h1>\n
          \u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Least Connections\uff09<\/h1>\n
          \u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h1>\n
          IP \u54c8\u5e0c\uff08IP Hash\uff09<\/h1>\n
          \u76f8\u540c IP \u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u662f\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u540c\u4e00\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\uff09<\/h1>\n
          \n
          4. \u7194\u65ad\u964d\u7ea7\uff08Circuit Breaker\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\u5f53\u4f9d\u8d56\u670d\u52a1\u6545\u969c\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7194\u65ad\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6545\u969c\u6269\u6563\u3002\n\n\u7194\u65ad\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\uff1a\n
            \n
          • \u5173\u95ed\uff08Closed\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b63\u5e38\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n
          • \u6253\u5f00\uff08Open\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u62d2\u7edd\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u964d\u7ea7\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n
          • \u534a\u5f00\uff08Half-Open\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bd5\u63a2\u6027\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5219\u5173\u95ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\u7194\u65ad\u5668\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            java
            \n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 Resilience4j \u5b9e\u73b0\u7194\u65ad
            \n@CircuitBreaker(name = \"userService\",
            \n               failureRateThreshold = 50,
            \n               waitDurationInOpenState = 10000,
            \n               permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState = 3)
            \npublic User getUser(Long userId) {
            \n    return userService.getUser(userId);
            \n}<\/p>\n
            \n
            \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n
            \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42
            \n    \u2193
            \n\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff08Nginx\/SLB\uff09
            \n    \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668 1 \u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668 2 \u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668 3 \u2502
            \n\u2502  (\u5b9e\u4f8b A)    \u2502  (\u5b9e\u4f8b B)    \u2502  (\u5b9e\u4f8b C)    \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
            \n    \u2193              \u2193              \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502           \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3b\u4ece\u96c6\u7fa4                  \u2502
            \n\u2502  \u4e3b\u5e93\uff08\u5199\uff09 \u2192 \u4ece\u5e93 1\uff08\u8bfb\uff09 \u2192 \u4ece\u5e93 2\uff08\u8bfb\uff09  \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n
            \n
            \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            API \u7f51\u5173
            \n    \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510    \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510    \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502 \u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1 \u2502    \u2502 \u8ba2\u5355\u670d\u52a1 \u2502    \u2502 \u652f\u4ed8\u670d\u52a1 \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518    \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518    \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
            \n     \u2502              \u2502              \u2502
            \n     \u2193              \u2193              \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502 Redis \u96c6\u7fa4  \u2502 \u2502 MySQL \u96c6\u7fa4  \u2502 \u2502 \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217  \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n
            \n
            \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e09\uff1a\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5199\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u4e3b\u5e93\uff08Master\uff09
            \n\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u4ece\u5e93\uff08Slave1\u3001Slave2...\uff09<\/p>\n
            \u4e3b\u4ece\u540c\u6b65\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a
            \n\u251c\u2500 \u540c\u6b65\u590d\u5236\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f4e
            \n\u251c\u2500 \u5f02\u6b65\u590d\u5236\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5ef6\u8fdf
            \n\u2514\u2500 \u534a\u540c\u6b65\u590d\u5236\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
            \n
            \u6a21\u5f0f\u56db\uff1a\u7f13\u5b58\u5206\u5c42<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502         \u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58\uff08Cache Aside\uff09       \u2502
            \n\u2502         (Guava\/Caffeine)             \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
            \n                  \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502         \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7f13\u5b58\uff08Redis \u96c6\u7fa4\uff09       \u2502
            \n\u2502         (\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f + \u96c6\u7fa4\u6a21\u5f0f)          \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
            \n                  \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502              \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08MySQL\uff09           \u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n
            \n
            \u5bb9\u707e\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n\n
            \u65b9\u6848\u4e00\uff1a\u4e3b\u4ece\u5207\u6362<\/h3>\n\n\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5355\u673a\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u5bb9\u707e\n\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            bash<\/p>\n
            1. \u76d1\u63a7\u4e3b\u5e93\u72b6\u6001<\/h1>\n
            while true; do
            \n    if ! is_master_alive; then
            \n        promote_slave_to_master()
            \n        update_dns_record()
            \n        break
            \n    fi
            \n    sleep 5
            \ndone<\/p>\n
            2. \u4e3b\u4ece\u5207\u6362\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h1>\n
            \u68c0\u6d4b\u6545\u969c \u2192 \u63d0\u5347\u4ece\u5e93 \u2192 \u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e \u2192 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1<\/h1>\n
            \n\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\n\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5207\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u77ed\u6682\u505c\u673a\n\n
            \u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u540c\u57ce\u53cc\u6d3b<\/h3>\n\n\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7ea7\u707e\u5907\uff0c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8981\u6c42\n\n\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u673a\u623f A\uff08\u4e3b\uff09               \u673a\u623f B\uff08\u4ece\uff09
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510              \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u96c6\u7fa4\u2502 \u2190\u53cc\u5411\u540c\u6b65\u2192 \u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u96c6\u7fa4\u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518              \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
            \n     \u2193                        \u2193
            \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510              \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
            \n\u2502  \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3b\u2502 \u2190\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236\u2192   \u2502  \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ece\u2502
            \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518              \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n
            \u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u53d1\uff1a<\/p>\n
              \n
            • 50% \u6d41\u91cf\u5230\u673a\u623f A<\/li>\n
            • 50% \u6d41\u91cf\u5230\u673a\u623f B<\/li>\n
            • \u8de8\u673a\u623f\u8c03\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1a< 10ms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\n\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u673a\u623f\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\n\n
              \u65b9\u6848\u4e09\uff1a\u5f02\u5730\u591a\u6d3b<\/h3>\n\n\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u707e\u5907\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u7ea7\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\n\n\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u5317\u4eac\u673a\u623f                  \u4e0a\u6d77\u673a\u623f                  \u5e7f\u5dde\u673a\u623f
              \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510              \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510              \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
              \n\u2502 \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e \u2502   \u5f02\u6b65\u540c\u6b65   \u2502 \u8ba2\u5355\u6570\u636e \u2502   \u5f02\u6b65\u540c\u6b65   \u2502 \u652f\u4ed8\u6570\u636e \u2502
              \n\u2502  (\u90e8\u5206)  \u2502 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2192 \u2502  (\u90e8\u5206)  \u2502 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2192 \u2502  (\u90e8\u5206)  \u2502
              \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518              \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518              \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n
              \u5168\u5c40\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff08GSLB\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
                \n
              • \u5317\u4eac\u7528\u6237 \u2192 \u5317\u4eac\u673a\u623f<\/li>\n
              • \u4e0a\u6d77\u7528\u6237 \u2192 \u4e0a\u6d77\u673a\u623f<\/li>\n
              • \u5e7f\u5dde\u7528\u6237 \u2192 \u5e7f\u5dde\u673a\u623f<\/li>\n
              • \u6545\u969c\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362 \u2192 \u5c31\u8fd1\u5206\u6d41<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f02\u5730\u5bb9\u707e\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\n\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u67b6\u6784\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6311\u6218\n\n
                \u65b9\u6848\u56db\uff1a\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u90e8\u7f72<\/h3>\n\nAWS \u533a\u57df\u67b6\u6784\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                Region: cn-north-1\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff09
                \n\u251c\u2500 AZ-1\uff08\u53ef\u7528\u533a 1\uff09
                \n\u2502  \u251c\u2500 EC2 \u5b9e\u4f8b A
                \n\u2502  \u251c\u2500 RDS \u4e3b\u5e93
                \n\u2502  \u2514\u2500 ElastiCache \u96c6\u7fa4
                \n\u251c\u2500 AZ-2\uff08\u53ef\u7528\u533a 2\uff09
                \n\u2502  \u251c\u2500 EC2 \u5b9e\u4f8b B
                \n\u2502  \u2514\u2500 RDS \u4ece\u5e93
                \n\u2514\u2500 ELB \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/p>\n
                \u8de8\u533a\u57df\u5bb9\u707e\uff1a<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u5230 cn-northwest-1\uff08\u94f6\u5ddd\uff09<\/li>\n
                • \u6545\u969c\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u5907\u7528 Region<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \n
                  \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n\n
                  1. \u6d88\u9664\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                  yaml<\/p>\n
                  \u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355<\/h1>\n
                    \n
                  • [ ] \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u673a\u70ed\u5907\u6216\u4e91\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n
                  • [ ] \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236 + \u81ea\u52a8\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb<\/li>\n
                  • [ ] \u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72 + \u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59<\/li>\n
                  • [ ] \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72 + \u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/li>\n
                  • [ ] \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b + \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \n
                    2. \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    java
                    \n\/\/ Spring Boot \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e
                    \nmanagement:
                    \n  health:
                    \n    redis:
                    \n      enabled: true
                    \n    db:
                    \n      enabled: true
                    \n  endpoints:
                    \n    web:
                    \n      exposure:
                    \n        include: health,info<\/p>\n
                    \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e<\/h1>\n
                    livenessProbe:
                    \n  httpGet:
                    \n    path: \/actuator\/health\/live
                    \n    port: 8080
                    \n  initialDelaySeconds: 30
                    \n  periodSeconds: 10<\/p>\n
                    readinessProbe:
                    \n  httpGet:
                    \n    path: \/actuator\/health\/ready
                    \n    port: 8080
                    \n  initialDelaySeconds: 5
                    \n  periodSeconds: 5<\/p>\n
                    \n
                    3. \u9650\u6d41\u4e0e\u964d\u7ea7<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    java
                    \n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 Sentinel \u5b9e\u73b0\u9650\u6d41
                    \n@Resource
                    \nprivate FlowRuleManager flowRuleManager;<\/p>\n
                    public void initFlowRules() {
                    \n    List rules = new ArrayList<>();
                    \n    FlowRule rule = new FlowRule();
                    \n    rule.setResource(\"getUser\");
                    \n    rule.setCount(100); \/\/ QPS \u9650\u5236
                    \n    rule.setGrade(RuleLimitMetric.QPS);
                    \n    rules.add(rule);
                    \n    flowRuleManager.loadRules(rules);
                    \n}<\/p>\n
                    \/\/ \u964d\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565
                    \n@SentinelResource(value = \"getUser\", blockHandler = \"handleException\")
                    \npublic User getUser(Long id) {
                    \n    return userService.getUser(id);
                    \n}<\/p>\n
                    public User handleException(Long id, BlockException ex) {
                    \n    \/\/ \u964d\u7ea7\u903b\u8f91
                    \n    return new User(\"\u964d\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\");
                    \n}<\/p>\n
                    \n
                    4. \u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    yaml<\/p>\n
                    Prometheus \u76d1\u63a7\u914d\u7f6e<\/h1>\n
                    scrape_configs:<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • job_name: 'services'<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                          metrics_path: '\/actuator\/prometheus'
                      \n    static_configs:<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      • targets: ['app1:8080', 'app2:8080', 'app3:8080']<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        \u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/h1>\n
                        groups:<\/p>\n
                          \n
                        • name: high-availability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                              rules:<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          • alert: HighErrorRate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                    expr: rate(http_requests_total{status=~\"5..\"}[5m]) \/ rate(http_requests_total[5m]) > 0.05
                            \n        for: 2m
                            \n        annotations:
                            \n          summary: \"\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8\"<\/p>\n
                              \n
                            • alert: ServiceDown<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                      expr: up == 0
                              \n        for: 1m
                              \n        annotations:
                              \n          summary: \"\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\"
                              \n```<\/p>\n
                              \u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n
                              \u6848\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a\u7535\u5546\u5927\u4fc3\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n
                              \u80cc\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u53cc 11 \u5927\u4fc3\uff0c\u8ba2\u5355\u91cf\u5cf0\u503c 10 \u4e07\u7b14\/\u79d2<\/p>\n
                              \u67b6\u6784\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                \n
                              1. \u5f39\u6027\u4f38\u7f29<\/strong>\uff1aK8s HPA \u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5bb9\u5230 500 \u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/li>\n
                              2. \u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236\uff0c3 \u4e2a\u4ece\u5e93\u5206\u62c5\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n
                              3. \u7f13\u5b58\u9884\u70ed<\/strong>\uff1a\u5546\u54c1\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u524d\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230 Redis \u96c6\u7fa4<\/li>\n
                              4. \u9650\u6d41\u964d\u7ea7<\/strong>\uff1a\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u964d\u7ea7\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea4\u6613\u94fe\u8def<\/li>\n
                              5. \u5f02\u5730\u5bb9\u707e<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3b\u5907\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5f02\u5730\u90e8\u7f72<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                \u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\uff1a\u53cc 11 \u96f6\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n
                                \u6848\u4f8b\u4e8c\uff1a\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n
                                \u80cc\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8981\u6c42 99.999% \u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/p>\n
                                \u67b6\u6784\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                1. \u4e09\u673a\u623f\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5e7f\u5dde\u4e09\u5730\u4e09\u6d3b<\/li>\n
                                2. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u591a\u6d3b<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e TSO \u7684\u5168\u5c40\u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65<\/li>\n
                                3. \u81ea\u52a8\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1a5 \u79d2\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u4e3b\u5e93\u5207\u6362<\/li>\n
                                4. \u7194\u65ad\u4fdd\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u670d\u52a1\u6545\u969c\u81ea\u52a8\u7194\u65ad<\/li>\n
                                5. \u5168\u94fe\u8def\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6bcf\u4e00\u7b14\u4ea4\u6613<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                  \u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fde\u7eed 3 \u5e74\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8fbe\u5230 99.999%\uff0c\u5e74\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u4f4e\u4e8e 5 \u5206\u949f<\/p>\n
                                  \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
                                  \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                    \n
                                  1. \u6d88\u9664\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72<\/li>\n
                                  2. \u81ea\u52a8\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb<\/strong>\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5207\u6362<\/li>\n
                                  3. \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff1a\u5408\u7406\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u91cf<\/li>\n
                                  4. \u5bb9\u707e\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u57ce\u53cc\u6d3b\u3001\u5f02\u5730\u591a\u6d3b<\/li>\n
                                  5. \u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                    \u6838\u5fc3\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                      \n
                                    • \u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7b49\u7ea7<\/li>\n
                                    • \u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u6536\u76ca<\/li>\n
                                    • \u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u6f14\u7ec3\u5bb9\u707e\u9884\u6848<\/li>\n
                                    • \u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                      \u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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