{"id":15906,"date":"2026-04-25T21:56:20","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T13:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/top.duoku.icu\/libs\/15906.html"},"modified":"2026-04-25T21:56:20","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T13:56:20","slug":"mq-%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9arabbitmq%e3%80%81kafka%e3%80%81rocketmq-%e5%85%a8%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/mq-%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9arabbitmq%e3%80%81kafka%e3%80%81rocketmq-%e5%85%a8%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"MQ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8be6\u7ec6\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b\uff1aRabbitMQ\u3001Kafka\u3001RocketMQ \u5168\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"MQ<\/div>\n

MQ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8be6\u7ec6\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b<\/h1>\n

\u4e00\u3001MQ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\uff08Message Queue\uff09<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 MQ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u4f18\u52bf<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\u89e3\u8026<\/strong><\/td>\n\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8026\u5408\u5ea6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5f02\u6b65<\/strong><\/td>\n\u975e\u963b\u585e\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u524a\u5cf0\u586b\u8c37<\/strong><\/td>\n\u7f13\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u88ab\u538b\u57ae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53ef\u6269\u5c55<\/strong><\/td>\n\u8f7b\u677e\u6269\u5c55\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6d88\u606f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n
\u8ba2\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u4e0b\u5355 \u2192 \u5199\u5165 MQ \u2192 \u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u5b58\u3001\u79ef\u5206\u3001\u901a\u77e5\n\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u652f\u4ed8\u6210\u529f \u2192 MQ \u2192 \u66f4\u65b0\u8ba2\u5355\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u901a\u77e5\n\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\uff1a\u5e94\u7528 \u2192 MQ \u2192 \u65e5\u5fd7\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1 \u2192 Elasticsearch\n\u6d88\u606f\u901a\u77e5\uff1a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1 \u2192 MQ \u2192 \u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u3001\u63a8\u9001\u670d\u52a1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e8c\u3001MQ \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
| \u7ec4\u4ef6 | \u8bf4\u660e |
\n|——|——|
\n| Producer\uff08\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff09<\/strong> | \u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5e94\u7528 |
\n| Consumer\uff08\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff09<\/strong> | \u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5e94\u7528 |
\n| Broker\uff08\u6d88\u606f\u4ee3\u7406\uff09<\/strong> | \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u670d\u52a1\u7aef |
\n| Topic\uff08\u4e3b\u9898\uff09<\/strong> | \u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\/\u7c7b\u522b |
\n| Queue\uff08\u961f\u5217\uff09<\/strong> | \u5b58\u50a8\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u961f\u5217 |
\n| Message\uff08\u6d88\u606f\uff09<\/strong> | \u5b9e\u9645\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305 |<\/p>\n
\u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n
\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u6a21\u578b\uff08Queue\uff09\uff1a\n\u751f\u4ea7\u8005 \u2192 Queue \u2192 \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff08\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u53ea\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\uff09\n\n\u53d1\u5e03\u8ba2\u9605\u6a21\u578b\uff08Topic\uff09\uff1a\n\u751f\u4ea7\u8005 \u2192 Topic \u2192 \u6d88\u8d39\u8005 1\n               \u2192 \u6d88\u8d39\u8005 2\n               \u2192 \u6d88\u8d39\u8005 3\uff08\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\uff09\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1 MQ \u4ea7\u54c1\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h2>\n
\u529f\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n
| \u7279\u6027 | RabbitMQ | Kafka | RocketMQ | ActiveMQ |
\n|——|———-|——-|———-|———-|
\n| \u6d88\u606f\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong> | \u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7 | \u79d2\u7ea7 | \u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7 | \u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7 |
\n| \u541e\u5410\u91cf<\/strong> | \u4e07\u7ea7\/\u79d2 | \u5341\u4e07\u7ea7\/\u79d2 | \u4e07\u7ea7\/\u79d2 | \u5343\u7ea7\/\u79d2 |
\n| \u6d88\u606f\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong> | \u9ad8 | \u9ad8 | \u6781\u9ad8 | \u4e2d |
\n| \u987a\u5e8f\u6d88\u606f<\/strong> | \u652f\u6301 | \u5206\u533a\u6709\u5e8f | \u652f\u6301 | \u652f\u6301 |
\n| \u4e8b\u52a1\u6d88\u606f<\/strong> | \u652f\u6301 | \u4e0d\u652f\u6301 | \u652f\u6301 | \u652f\u6301 |
\n| \u6d88\u606f\u56de\u6eaf<\/strong> | \u4e0d\u652f\u6301 | \u652f\u6301 | \u652f\u6301 | \u4e0d\u652f\u6301 |
\n| \u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c<\/strong> | \u4f4e | \u4e2d | \u4e2d | \u9ad8 |
\n| \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong> | \u4e2d\u5c0f\u6d41\u91cf | \u65e5\u5fd7\/\u5927\u6570\u636e | \u7535\u5546\/\u91d1\u878d | \u9057\u7559\u7cfb\u7edf |<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n
| \u573a\u666f | \u63a8\u8350 MQ | \u539f\u56e0 |
\n|——|———|——|
\n| \u4e2d\u5c0f\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u8def\u7531 | RabbitMQ<\/strong> | \u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u8def\u7531\u89c4\u5219 |
\n| \u65e5\u5fd7\/\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406 | Kafka<\/strong> | \u8d85\u9ad8\u541e\u5410 |
\n| \u7535\u5546\/\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u52a1 | RocketMQ<\/strong> | \u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u6d88\u606f |
\n| \u9057\u7559\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210 | ActiveMQ<\/strong> | \u6210\u719f\u7a33\u5b9a |<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001RabbitMQ \u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u59cb<\/h2>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u542f\u52a8<\/h3>\n
# Docker \u542f\u52a8\ndocker run -d --name rabbitmq \\\n  -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 \\\n  -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin \\\n  -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=admin \\\n  rabbitmq:3-management\n\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762<\/h1>\nhttp:\/\/localhost:15672\n
\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1aadmin \u5bc6\u7801\uff1aadmin<\/h1>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Spring Boot \u96c6\u6210<\/h3>\n
“`xml
\n
\n    org.springframework.boot<\/groupId>
\n    spring-boot-starter-amqp<\/artifactId>
\n<\/dependency><\/p>\n
\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
yaml
\nspring:
\n  rabbitmq:
\n    host: localhost
\n    port: 5672
\n    username: admin
\n    password: admin
\n    virtual-host: \/
\n    listener:
\n      simple:
\n        acknowledge-mode: manual
\n        concurrency: 5
\n        max-concurrency: 10<\/p>\n
\n
\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\nimport org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
\nimport org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Service;<\/p>\n
@Service
\npublic class MessageProducer {<\/p>\n
    @Autowired
\n    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;<\/p>\n
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = “order.queue”;<\/p>\n
    public void sendOrderMessage(Order order) {
\n        String message = JSON.toJSONString(order);<\/p>\n
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(QUEUE_NAME, message);<\/p>\n
        System.out.println(“\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\uff1a” + message);
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\nimport org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
\nimport org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
\nimport com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Service;<\/p>\n
@Service
\npublic class MessageConsumer {<\/p>\n
    @RabbitListener(queues = “order.queue”)
\n    public void receiveOrder(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
\n        String body = new String(message.getBody());
\n        Order order = JSON.parseObject(body, Order.class);<\/p>\n
        try {
\n            \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91
\n            processOrder(order);<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u786e\u8ba4 ACK
\n            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
\n            System.out.println(“\u5904\u7406\u6210\u529f\uff1a” + order.getId());
\n        } catch (Exception e) {
\n            \/\/ \u62d2\u7edd\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5165\u961f
\n            channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true);
\n            System.err.println(“\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8d25\uff1a” + e.getMessage());
\n        }
\n    }<\/p>\n
    private void processOrder(Order order) {
\n        \/\/ \u8ba2\u5355\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e94\u3001Kafka \u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u59cb<\/h2>\n\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u542f\u52a8<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
bash<\/p>\n
Docker \u542f\u52a8 Kafka<\/h1>\n
docker run -d –name kafka \\
\n  -p 9092:9092 \\
\n  -e KAFKA_BROKER_ID=0 \\
\n  -e KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT=zookeeper:2181 \\
\n  -e KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS=PLAINTEXT:\/\/localhost:9092 \\
\n  confluentinc\/cp-kafka:latest<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa Topic<\/h1>\n
kafka-topics –create \\
\n  –bootstrap-server localhost:9092 \\
\n  –topic order-topic \\
\n  –partitions 3 \\
\n  –replication-factor 1<\/p>\n
\n
Spring Boot \u96c6\u6210<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
xml
\n
\n    org.springframework.kafka<\/groupId>
\n    spring-kafka<\/artifactId>
\n<\/dependency><\/p>\n
\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
yaml
\nspring:
\n  kafka:
\n    bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092
\n    producer:
\n      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
\n      value-serializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonSerializer
\n      acks: all
\n      retries: 3
\n    consumer:
\n      group-id: order-group
\n      auto-offset-reset: earliest
\n      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
\n      value-deserializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonDeserializer<\/p>\n
\n
\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\nimport org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
\nimport org.springframework.kafka.support.SendResult;
\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Service;<\/p>\n
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;<\/p>\n
@Service
\npublic class KafkaProducer {<\/p>\n
    @Autowired
\n    private KafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate;<\/p>\n
    private static final String TOPIC = “order-topic”;<\/p>\n
    public void sendOrder(Order order) {
\n        CompletableFuture> future =
\n            kafkaTemplate.send(TOPIC, order.getId().toString(), order);<\/p>\n
        future.whenComplete((result, ex) -> {
\n            if (ex == null) {
\n                System.out.println(“\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u6210\u529f\uff1a” +
\n                    result.getRecordMetadata().offset());
\n            } else {
\n                ex.printStackTrace();
\n            }
\n        });
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\nimport org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
\nimport org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Service;<\/p>\n
@Service
\npublic class KafkaConsumer {<\/p>\n
    @KafkaListener(topics = “order-topic”, groupId = “order-group”)
\n    public void receiveOrder(Order order, Acknowledgment ack) {
\n        try {
\n            processOrder(order);
\n            ack.acknowledge();  \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u786e\u8ba4
\n            System.out.println(“\u5904\u7406\u6210\u529f\uff1a” + order.getId());
\n        } catch (Exception e) {
\n            e.printStackTrace();
\n        }
\n    }<\/p>\n
    private void processOrder(Order order) {
\n        \/\/ \u8ba2\u5355\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
\u516d\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1<\/h2>\n\n
ACK \u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n\n
RabbitMQ ACK<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\n@RabbitListener(queues = “order.queue”)
\npublic void receiveOrder(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
\n    try {
\n        \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1
\n        process(message);
\n        \/\/ \u786e\u8ba4\u6d88\u8d39
\n        channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
\n    } catch (Exception e) {
\n        \/\/ \u62d2\u7edd\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5165\u961f
\n        channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true);
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
Kafka ACK<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
yaml
\nspring:
\n  kafka:
\n    producer:
\n      acks: all  # \u6240\u6709\u526f\u672c\u786e\u8ba4
\n      retries: 3<\/p>\n
\n
\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\n@Configuration
\npublic class RetryConfig {<\/p>\n
    @Bean
\n    public RetryTemplate retryTemplate() {
\n        RetryTemplate template = new RetryTemplate();<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u7b56\u7565
\n        ExponentialBackOffPolicy backOff = new ExponentialBackOffPolicy();
\n        backOff.setInitialInterval(1000);
\n        backOff.setMultiplier(2);
\n        backOff.setMaxInterval(10000);
\n        template.setBackOffPolicy(backOff);<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u91cd\u8bd5 3 \u6b21
\n        SimpleRetryPolicy retryPolicy = new SimpleRetryPolicy(3);
\n        template.setRetryPolicy(retryPolicy);<\/p>\n
        return template;
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
\u6b7b\u4fe1\u961f\u5217\uff08DLQ\uff09<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
java
\n@Configuration
\npublic class DeadLetterQueueConfig {<\/p>\n
    @Bean
\n    public Queue orderQueue() {
\n        return new Queue(“order.queue”, true)
\n            .deadLetterExchange(“dlx.exchange”)
\n            .deadLetterRoutingKey(“order.dlx”)
\n            .maximumLength(100)
\n            .maximumAge(60000);  \/\/ TTL: 60 \u79d2
\n    }<\/p>\n
    @Bean
\n    public Exchange dlxExchange() {
\n        return new DirectExchange(“dlx.exchange”, true, false);
\n    }<\/p>\n
    @Bean
\n    public Queue deadLetterQueue() {
\n        return new Queue(“order.dlx”, true);
\n    }<\/p>\n
    @Bean
\n    public Binding binding() {
\n        return BindingBuilder.bind(deadLetterQueue())
\n            .to(dlxExchange())
\n            .with(“order.dlx”);
\n    }
\n}<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e03\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u79ef\u538b\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n\n
\u79ef\u538b\u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
  1. \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u6162<\/li>\n
  2. \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3<\/li>\n
  3. \u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/li>\n
  4. \u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u6545\u969c<\/li>\n
  5. \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u590d\u6742<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n
    \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n\n
    1. \u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    java
    \n@Configuration
    \npublic class ConsumerConfig {<\/p>\n
        @Bean
    \n    public ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer container(
    \n        ConsumerFactory factory) {<\/p>\n
            ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer container =
    \n            new ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<>(factory, new DefaultErrorHandler());<\/p>\n
            container.setConcurrency(20);  \/\/ \u589e\u52a0\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6
    \n        container.setPollTimeout(1000);<\/p>\n
            return container;
    \n    }
    \n}<\/p>\n
    \n
    2. \u4e34\u65f6\u6269\u5bb9<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    bash<\/p>\n
    Kafka \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5206\u7ec4\u6269\u5bb9<\/h1>\n
    1. \u542f\u52a8\u65b0\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h1>\n
    docker run -d –name kafka-consumer-2 \\
    \n  -e GROUP_ID=new-group \\
    \n  -e TOPIC=order-topic \\
    \n  kafka-consumer<\/p>\n
    2. \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u5206\u533a<\/h1>\n
    \n
    3. \u7b80\u5316\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    java
    \n\/\/ \u65b9\u6848\u4e00\uff1a\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406
    \n@KafkaListener(topics = “order-topic”)
    \npublic void receiveAsync(Order order) {
    \n    CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
    \n        processOrder(order);
    \n    });
    \n}<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406
    \n@KafkaListener(topics = “order-topic”)
    \npublic void receiveBatch(List orders) {
    \n    \/\/ \u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11 IO
    \n    orderService.batchProcess(orders);
    \n}<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u516b\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u53bb\u91cd<\/h2>\n\n
    \u6d88\u606f\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n\n
    \u5206\u533a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u987a\u5e8f\uff08Kafka\uff09<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    java
    \n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684 partitionKey \u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u4e00\u4e1a\u52a1\u6709\u5e8f
    \nkafkaTemplate.send(“order-topic”, order.getUserId(), order);<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u5355\u961f\u5217\u987a\u5e8f\uff08RabbitMQ\uff09<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    java
    \n\/\/ \u5355\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\u5355\u4e2a\u961f\u5217
    \n@RabbitListener(queues = “order.queue”)
    \npublic void receiveSingle(Order order) {
    \n    processOrder(order);  \/\/ \u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406
    \n}<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u6d88\u606f\u53bb\u91cd<\/h3>\n\n
    \u65b9\u6848\u4e00\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u552f\u4e00\u952e<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    java
    \n@Transactional
    \npublic void processOrder(Order order) {
    \n    \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5904\u7406
    \n    if (orderService.exists(order.getMessageId())) {
    \n        return;  \/\/ \u5df2\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7
    \n    }<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8ba2\u5355
    \n    orderService.createOrder(order);<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u5904\u7406
    \n    orderService.markProcessed(order.getMessageId());
    \n}<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1aRedis \u53bb\u91cd<\/h4>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    java
    \n@Service
    \npublic class DeduplicationService {<\/p>\n
        @Autowired
    \n    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;<\/p>\n
        private static final int TTL = 86400;  \/\/ 24 \u5c0f\u65f6<\/p>\n
        public boolean isDuplicate(String messageId) {
    \n        String key = “message:processed:” + messageId;
    \n        Boolean exists = redisTemplate.hasKey(key);<\/p>\n
            if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(exists)) {
    \n            return true;  \/\/ \u5df2\u5904\u7406
    \n        }<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u6807\u8bb0\u5df2\u5904\u7406
    \n        redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, “1”, TTL, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    \n        return false;
    \n    }
    \n}<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u4e5d\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n\n
    \u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    yaml<\/p>\n
    Actuator \u76d1\u63a7<\/h1>\n
    management:
    \n  endpoints:
    \n    web:
    \n      exposure:
    \n        include: health,metrics
    \n  metrics:
    \n    tags:
    \n      application: ${spring.application.name}
    \n    export:
    \n      prometheus:
    \n        enabled: true<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807<\/h3>\n\n| \u6307\u6807 | \u8bf4\u660e | \u544a\u8b66\u9608\u503c |\n|------|------|----------|\n| \u6d88\u606f\u79ef\u538b\u6570<\/strong> | \u961f\u5217\u672a\u6d88\u8d39\u6d88\u606f\u6570\u91cf | > 10000 |\n| \u6d88\u8d39\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong> | \u6d88\u606f\u4ece\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee | > 60s |\n| \u5931\u8d25\u7387<\/strong> | \u6d88\u8d39\u5931\u8d25\u6d88\u606f\u5360\u6bd4 | > 5% |\n| QPS<\/strong> | \u6bcf\u79d2\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u91cf | - |\n\n
    \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    yaml<\/p>\n
    1. \u6d88\u606f\u786e\u8ba4<\/h1>\n
    spring:
    \n  rabbitmq:
    \n    listener:
    \n      simple:
    \n        acknowledge-mode: manual  # \u624b\u52a8\u786e\u8ba4
    \n        concurrency: 5<\/p>\n
    2. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h1>\n
    spring:
    \n  rabbitmq:
    \n    listener:
    \n      simple:
    \n        max-retry-interval: 30000  # \u6700\u5927\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694
    \n        max-attempts: 3           # \u6700\u5927\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n
    3. \u8d85\u65f6\u63a7\u5236<\/h1>\n
    spring:
    \n  kafka:
    \n    consumer:
    \n      max-poll-interval-ms: 300000  # \u6700\u5927\u8f6e\u8be2\u95f4\u9694
    \n      session-timeout-ms: 30000     # \u4f1a\u8bdd\u8d85\u65f6
    \n“`<\/p>\n
    —<\/p>\n
    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
    \u672c\u6587\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86 MQ \u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u2705 MQ \u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong> – \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f MQ\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 \u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong> – Producer\u3001Consumer\u3001Topic\u3001Queue<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 \u4ea7\u54c1\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong> – RabbitMQ\u3001Kafka\u3001RocketMQ\u3001ActiveMQ<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 RabbitMQ<\/strong> – \u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u59cb\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 Kafka<\/strong> – \u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u59cb\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 \u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong> – ACK\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u3001\u6b7b\u4fe1\u961f\u5217<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 \u79ef\u538b\u5904\u7406<\/strong> – \u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 \u6392\u5e8f\u53bb\u91cd<\/strong> – \u5206\u533a\u6709\u5e8f\u3001Redis \u53bb\u91cd<\/li>\n
    • \u2705 \u76d1\u63a7\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong> – \u6307\u6807\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u4f18\u5316<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n
      #MQ #\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217 #RabbitMQ #Kafka #RocketMQ #\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
      —<\/p>\n
      \u6587\u7ae0\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/strong> `\/home\/node\/.openclaw\/agents\/creator\/workspace\/content\/MQ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8be6\u7ec6\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b_20260425_2138.md`<\/p>\n
      \u8bf7\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u914d\u56fe\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u7b49\uff09\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      MQ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8be6\u7ec6\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b \u4e00\u3001MQ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u7b80\u4ecb \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\uff08Message Queue\uff09 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15906"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15906\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.srclibs.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}